What to Include in a 72-Hour Emergency Kit vs. a Bug Out Bag

When planning for emergencies, it's crucial to understand the distinct needs of a 72-hour emergency kit versus a bug out bag. While both serve critical purposes, they have different scopes, weight restrictions, and user scenarios. Understanding these differences can help ensure you're adequately prepared for any situation.

Understanding the Context

The concept of a bug out bag, or BOB, has roots in survival skills and is commonly associated with scenarios where individuals need to vacate their location quickly and permanently. Historically, this has been seen in military contexts, but has also been adapted by individuals who might need to evacuate due to natural disasters, civil unrest, or other emergencies. A 72-hour emergency kit, on the other hand, is designed to sustain a person for up to 72 hours if they are stuck in a specific location and require assistance. The primary goal is to keep the individual safe and stable until help arrives.

Formative Experiences and Lessons

My journey of assembling both a bug out bag and a 72-hour emergency kit began during my time with the Boy Scouts. At 11 years old, my initial bug out bag was minimal but essential. As I continued to travel, primarily in Afghanistan, the nature of my needs evolved. I carried two bags—one that was always nearby and included basic essentials like a first aid kit, cash, and critical documents, and another larger bag for extended stays. Similarly, at home, I maintained two kits: one for short-term camping trips and another for more frequent use in my car. Currently, in the Philippines, I have reduced to one big backpack that still includes essential documents, first aid supplies, a few personal items, and critical tools. These experiences shaped my understanding of the differences between the two kits.

Key Differences in Purpose

A bug out bag is specifically designed for immediate departure. Whether you're evacuating a vehicle, a home, or a location, the item should be lightweight and easily portable. It contains items that are critical for immediate survival, such as water, food, shelter, and basic tools. On the other hand, a 72-hour emergency kit is designed for a longer, sometimes static, stay. This kit can be far more comprehensive and is not bound by weight restrictions, allowing for a broader range of supplies.

Content of a 72-Hour Emergency Kit

For a 72-hour emergency kit, you should consider a wide range of supplies that can help you weather an emergency in a fixed location. Here are some essential items to include:

First Aid Kit: Comprehensive first aid supplies are a must. This includes bandages, adhesive tape, gauze, antiseptic wipes, alcohol, cotton balls, scissors, hemostats, pain relievers, and splints. Hydration: A water filter, electrolyte packets, and portable water containers or hydration bladders. Nutrition: Non-perishable foods like MREs (Meals Ready to Eat), energy bars, and other high-energy snacks. Shelter: A survival blanket, tarps, a small tent, or a portable cot. Communication: A fully charged phone, solar charger, or portable batteries. Consider a two-way radio if possible. Personal Documents: Copies of important documents, including identification, insurance information, and medical records. Tools and Equipment: Multi-tool, flashlight, knife, and a basic camping stove. Hygiene: Portable toilet paper, wet wipes, and hand sanitizer. Entertainment: Books, portable games, or a small speakers for personal music.

Remember, the weight and size of the items in your 72-hour emergency kit should not compromise its effectiveness. Prioritize including supplies that meet immediate needs and can help you maintain basic functionality for 72 hours.

Content of a Bug Out Bag

A bug out bag (BOB) is compact and designed for rapid departure. The contents should be streamlined to include the most critical items necessary for survival with minimal delay. Here are some key items to prioritize:

Water and Hydration: At least 2 liters of water, a water filter, and hydration bladder. Food: High-energy non-perishable food, such as MREs, energy bars, and individual emergency ration packs. First Aid Kit: Basic first aid supplies, including bandages, antiseptic wipes, scissors, and pain relievers. Clothing: Multiple changes of weather-appropriate clothing, including a good rain poncho, extra socks, and gloves. Shelter Kit: A compact tarp, mylar blanket (survival blanket), and a small, lightweight tent or emergency shelter. Tools and Supplies: A multi-tool, a 10-in-1 tool, a small knife, and waterproof matches or a lighter. Communication: Cellular phone with a charger, a solar charger, a two-way radio, and a whistle for signaling assistance. Personal Documents: Important documents, including identification, insurance information, and medical records. Cooking/Heating: A small, portable camping stove, matches or a lighter, and a cache of fuel. Entertainment and Stress Management: Books, a small journal, or a stress ball. Personal Hygiene: Hand sanitizers, moist towelettes, and a toothbrush and toothpaste.

Despite the similarities, a bug out bag should be light and mobile. Items should be chosen based on how crucial they are for quick, efficient evacuation. The emphasis is on weight and portability, putting practicality first.

Conclusion

The distinction between a 72-hour emergency kit and a bug out bag is crucial for effective emergency preparedness. While both ensure survival, they serve fundamentally different needs. Your 72-hour emergency kit should be comprehensive, covering a wide range of needs, while your bug out bag should be compact and efficiently portable. By understanding these differences and preparing accordingly, you can ensure you are well-equipped to handle any situation that may arise.

Additional Reading and Resources

For further reading on emergency preparedness, consider these resources:

Red Cross Emergency Preparedness Guide FEMA Emergency Preparedness for Small Businesses Boston University 72-Hour Bag Checklist

Regularly review and update your emergency kits to ensure they remain effective and comprehensive. Stay informed and stay prepared!