Guiding You Through the Process of Leveling a Pier and Beam House

In the world of residential construction, a pier and beam house stands by itself as a robust and versatile structure. Its special design makes it sturdy yet adaptable, yet it also brings its fair share of challenges, especially when it comes to ensuring that the building remains level and stable over time. This guide will walk you through the meticulous process of leveling a pier and beam house, using both historical methods and modern leveling techniques.

Understanding the Pier and Beam Design

A pier and beam house is built on a series of short concrete piers under the house, which are connected by a series of wooden beams. This design provides better drainage and ventilation under the house, making it less susceptible to water damage and insect infestations. The downside is that it requires more detailed maintenance, particularly in terms of ensuring the structure remains level.

Historical Leveling Techniques

For many years, the skilled laborers who worked on pier and beam houses relied on traditional leveling methods, which included the use of screw jacks and carpenter's levels. This process was labor-intensive but quite effective.

Screw Jacks and Wedges

The screw jack is one of the most fundamental tools in the leveling of pier and beam house foundations. Here's how the process worked:

Screw Jacks: Screw jacks are hydraulic tools designed to raise or lower structures. By turning the screw, the jack exerts upward or downward pressure on the pier. It is especially useful when you need to lift the entire house to adjust its levelness.

Wedges: Wedges, placed at the joints over the piers, are driven in or removed to fine-tune the leveling. They offer a more precise adjustment than screw jacks, allowing for small incremental changes.

Modern Leveling Techniques

Advancements in construction technology have led to the development of modern leveling tools and techniques that are often faster and more efficient. Here are some examples:

Electronic Leveling Tools

Today, many professionals opt for electronic leveling tools. These devices provide precise measurements and are easier to use, especially for less experienced workers.

Pier and Beam Foundation Leveling Kits

There are commercial kits available that include all the necessary tools and instructions for leveling pier and beam houses. These kits offer a more streamlined approach and are often preferred for DIY projects or smaller buildings.

Preparing for the Leveling Process

Before you start the leveling process, it's essential to ensure that you have the necessary tools and the right mindset. Here are some steps to follow:

Inspect the Foundation: Check the condition of all piers and beams. Ensure that there are no missing or damaged components. Contact Professionals: For larger or more complex structures, consider hiring a professional with experience in foundation leveling. Plan the Leveling: Determine which areas of the house need to be adjusted and plan accordingly. Set Up Your Workspace: Clear the area around the piers to ensure safe and efficient work.

Executing the Leveling

Once you are prepared, the actual leveling process can be broken down into several steps:

Choose Your Method

Determine whether screw jacks or some other modern tool is best suited for your needs. Screw jacks are good for extensive adjustments, while electronic tools offer precision.

Implement the Adjustments

Based on your chosen method, raise or lower the piers and beams as needed. Ensure that the adjustments are even and consistent across the entire structure.

Measure and Verify

Use a level to check the horizontal and vertical alignment of the house. Make any necessary adjustments until the foundation is level.

Maintaining the Level

Even after the initial leveling, regular maintenance is essential to ensure that the pier and beam house remains stable:

Seasonal Inspections

Regular checks, particularly after heavy rains or snowfall, can help catch any potential issues early. Inspect the foundation for signs of settling or shifting beams.

Professional Monitoring

Consider having a professional inspect the house annually. They can provide expert advice and any necessary repairs to maintain the levelness of the foundation.

By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your pier and beam house remains level and secure. Both historical and modern leveling techniques offer effective solutions, and with the right preparation and tools, you can tackle this crucial aspect of home maintenance with confidence.