Housing in Greece: Predominantly Concrete or Wood?
When considering the construction materials used in Greek homes, concrete and wood stand out as the most prevalent options, each favored for different reasons.
Material Distribution in Greek Houses
From the foundation to the walls, Greek houses are predominantly made of concrete. The choice of concrete for these critical structural components is understandable, given its durability and ability to withstand the climatic extremes that Greece experiences. However, the use of wood for other elements such as floors and windows and doors adds a unique touch to the architectural landscape.
Wood has its merits, especially for aesthetics, comfort, and certain practical aspects. Yet, despite the growing appreciation for wooden elements, the majority of structures in Greece still rely on concrete for the foundation and walls. The preference for wood is more likely to be found in residential renovations or new constructions seeking a more traditional or luxurious feel, as opposed to the primary structural components. Notably, some might choose aluminum windows and doors for practical and economical reasons, while others opt for marble or tile flooring for both durability and maintenance.
From a personal perspective, I have seen the preference for wood in many aspects of home construction. My personal residence is a prime example, where I opted for wood for my floors, windows, and doors, particularly in the bedroom area. Additionally, I have a spacious open ceiling made of terra-cotta tile, with a lofted area above my kitchen and stairs leading up to that loft, all constructed from beech and pine wood. This blend of materials speaks to a preference for natural materials, even in an innovative and modern setup.
Pre-WWII vs. Post-WWII Architecture
The architectural landscape of Greece has seen significant changes over time. Before the World War II, most houses were constructed using a combination of concrete and wood, similar to the materials in my home. This traditional approach, which included elements like the terra-cotta tile and wood for the loft and stairs, was prevalent. However, the post-war period brought about a shift in architectural trends.
Post-WWII, the architecture in Greece began to adopt a different approach. While concrete remained the primary material for foundational structures, the advent of modern materials like precast, steel, and sometimes wood started to influence architectural designs. This shift can be attributed to various factors, including economic conditions, technological advancements, and changes in societal preferences.
Current Trends in Greek Housing
Despite these influences, reinforced concrete remains the dominant material in Greek housing, especially for the foundational parts. However, the economic recession has brought about certain trends favoring alternative materials. These include a renewed interest in precast materials, steel, and sometimes wood. These materials are chosen for their cost-effectiveness, ease of use, and sustainable qualities.
It is worth noting that the use of alternative materials is still not as widespread as concrete. Sustainable materials and practices continue to gain traction, with architects and homeowners looking for ways to bring more eco-friendly elements into their designs. However, the primary choice for foundational and structural elements remains concrete, reflecting its enduring importance in construction.
In conclusion, while wood has its place in Greek housing, particularly for aesthetic and practical purposes, the predominant material used in housing in Greece today is still concrete. This material's durability, cost-effectiveness, and ability to withstand the unique challenges of the Greek climate make it the favored choice for foundation and wall construction.