How Jawaharlal Nehru's Birthday Became India's Children's Day

Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of independent India, was a multifaceted leader known for his deep commitment to education and child welfare. Yet, not many people know that Nehru, while still in power, transformed his birthday into a national event celebrated as Children's Day. This decision was a strategic move to solidify his image and legacy in the hearts of the nation's youth.

Why Did Nehru Make This Decision?

Historical Context and Leadership
Before the advent of digital media, leaders in India, and elsewhere, often relied on more traditional methods to project their image and vision to the masses. Nehru was no exception. He was well aware of the power of an image and the role of symbolism in shaping public perception. In 1955, when two prominent Soviet leaders visited India, Nehru saw an opportunity to elevate his own image and influence.

The Birth of 'Baal Divas'

Background and Planning
Nehru's decision to celebrate his birthday as 'Baal Divas' (Children's Day) was multifaceted. He wanted to celebrate the potential of children as future leaders, honor his passion for education, and craft a narrative that would resonate with the younger generation. However, this was not a spontaneous decision. It was a deliberate move underpinned by careful planning.

Secretive Implementation
In 1955, right before the Soviet leaders, Nikita Khrushchev and Nikolai Bulganin, arrived in New Delhi, Nehru launched a secret operation. He decided to celebrate his birthday by gathering children from New Delhi and neighboring areas to perform a grand ceremony. This decision was hidden from the public, and the government even put educational activities on hold to focus on the event. Nehru wanted the show to be meticulously planned to project a grand image of himself.

Public Perception
The government's propaganda machine went to great lengths to create an image of Nehru as a kind and loving leader. Children were trained and rehearsed for weeks, instructed to sing, clap, and throw flowers. This spectacle was designed to leave a lasting impression and cultivate a cult of personality centered around 'Chacha Nehru' (Uncle Nehru).

Political and Ideological Influences

Inspiration from Other Leaders
Nehru's decision to celebrate his birthday as 'Children's Day' was also influenced by leaders like Stalin and Mao. These figures projected elaborate image campaigns that included the youth. Stalin was called a 'prophet for Soviet children,' and Mao had a similar aura. The narrative was that communism not only cared but adored children. Nehru recognized the power of such an image and sought to emulate it.

Hitler as a Critique
While Hitler's birthday was celebrated with the same fervor, Nehru disapproved of the adulation shown to the Nazi leader. However, the devotion and unquestionable love Hitler received from the German populace fascinated Nehru, further cementing his resolve to celebrate his birthday in a similar manner.

Legacy and Continuation

Posthumous Celebrations
After Nehru's death in 1964, the Indian government continued to honor his birthday as 'Children's Day.' This decision was officially made to commemorate his fondness for children and his commitment to their welfare. The celebration has since become a symbol of child rights and a day to raise awareness about children's issues.

Educational Impact
Today, 'Children's Day' is marked by school events, cultural programs, and the distribution of sweets. The legacy lives on, and it serves as a reminder of Nehru's enduring influence on the nation's children and the broader educational landscape in India.

In essence, Nehru's birthday became 'Children's Day' not just to celebrate but to shape the image of a leader who deeply cared for the future of the nation. This decision was a strategic move that continues to impact India's cultural and educational practices.