Is it Safe to Use a Battery as a Welder?
Welding on cars has been a hobby and profession for decades. However, using a battery involves specific risks, especially with modern cars equipped with electronic systems. Here's an exploration of the safety concerns and guidelines when using a battery to perform welding tasks.
Introduction to Battery Welding
In the realm of car modification and repair, some enthusiasts have had success using batteries for simple welding tasks. My experience in car welding spans 35 years, during which I have never disconnected the battery. However, this is not the prevailing practice for a number of reasons.
Historical Perspectives
Some hobbyists have used lithium-ion cells, such as the A123 packs, for welding purposes with mixed results. While these cells did not pose significant issues during brief welds, using them can be hazardous. For instance, using four 32113 A123 cells resulted in a welder capable of producing around 1200 amps. Even with these cells, the compact design and ease of setup make it an attractive alternative for certain projects. However, caution is advised, and using regular lithium-ion cells should be avoided as they could potentially ignite a fire.
Standard Precautions
Although using a battery for welding may not immediately damage the battery itself, the risk lies in other components connected to it. A surge protector might mitigate some of these risks, but the best practice is to disconnect the battery entirely. In my experience, even a small mistake, such as accidentally welding on a fire truck, led to the frying of the ECU (Electronic Control Unit).
Best Practices
The safest approach is to always disconnect the battery before starting any welding work, especially on modern vehicles with integrated electronic systems. Initiating a weld without disconnecting the battery can lead to several issues, including damaging the battery, triggering airbag deployment, and potentially frying electronic components. Disconnecting the battery is a standard safety measure to prevent these types of accidents.
Prevention and Preparation
For those who cannot—or do not wish to—disconnect the battery, at the very least, disconnect the black ground (negative terminal). Many trucks and equipment have dual batteries, and it's wise to disconnect both and place a note advising against reconnecting them. This simple step can prevent accidents caused by inattentive workers or helpers.
Conclusion
While using a battery for welding can be a low-cost solution for certain projects, it is crucial to prioritize safety. Always disconnect the battery before starting any welding work, especially on modern vehicles with complex electronic systems. Doing so will safeguard your equipment and prevent potential hazards.