The Efficacy of Double Masking to Prevent COVID-19: A Critical Analysis
As the pandemic continues to evolve, questions surrounding the most effective way to protect ourselves from SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, remain. One controversial topic is the use of double masks. In this article, we delve into the efficacy of wearing two masks, examining the opinions of experts, scientific research, and personal experiences.
The Use of ASTM3 and N95 Masks
In my daily life, I opt for different masks based on the environment. When I go outside, I choose an ASTM3 surgical mask for its comfortable fit and ease of use. For indoor settings, particularly in buildings, I use the 3M AURA 9205 NIOSH-approved N95 'duckbill' mask. This is because, despite its ‘face-mauling’ design, it provides significantly better protection than other N95 models. Notably, these masks are now available at a reduced cost due to government programs, with many drugstores offering them for free. In Seattle, Bartells and CVS are among the pharmacies providing these masks.
It is crucial to emphasize the importance of purchasing American-made masks. While ordinary drug store surgical masks may suffice in a pinch, they are often of comparable quality to ASTM3 surgical masks, which I prefer when outside.
Evidence for Wearing Two Masks
At first glance, the idea of wearing two masks might seem like common sense. However, experts such as Dr. Fauci have expressed skepticism. In fact, Fauci has stated that wearing a mask in general, not just double masking, is only necessary if you are contagious. This stance has evolved with the pandemic, but the underlying principle remains: not all masks are created equal, and their effectiveness is highly dependent on how they are used and the environment in which they are worn.
Dr. Fauci's initial position was that regular masks sold in drug stores were not effective against aerosolized viral particles. He advised the general public not to wear masks at all. However, as the pandemic progressed and the importance of masks became more widely recognized, his stance shifted to recommending double masking under certain conditions.
Dr. Fauci's views on masks have been inconsistent. In January 2021, he publicly stated that wearing two masks was better than one. This shift in opinion highlights the evolving nature of our understanding of the virus and the best practices for prevention.
The Efficacy of Double Masking
Wearing two masks, particularly two cloth masks or a combination of a cloth and a paper mask, is likely to provide better protection than a single mask. However, the efficacy of double masking depends on the quality of the masks and how they are worn. Cloth masks are generally less effective in preventing viral transmission compared to N95 masks, which are designed to filter out small particles.
Double masking is most effective in reducing the spread of virus-laden droplets from the wearer to others. It may also offer some protection against breathing in aerosols, but this is less certain. Wearing a mask correctly and consistently may be more important than the number of masks worn.
For the most effective protection, individuals who are suspected of having or are awaiting test results for COVID-19, those who are expelling a lot of aerosols (e.g., heavy coughing), or those in crowded indoor settings with poor ventilation and low vaccination rates may benefit most from double masking.
Other precautionary measures, such as hand hygiene, social distancing, and wearing eye protection (e.g., goggles) or a face shield, can further enhance protection against SARS-CoV-2.
Conclusion
The use of double masks to prevent COVID-19 is a matter of degree and context. While it may offer some additional protection, the primary goal of mask-wearing is to reduce the spread of viral particles. The decision to wear double masks should be based on individual risk factors, the environment, and personal comfort.
As the pandemic continues to impact the world, ongoing research and updated guidelines from public health authorities will be paramount in informing the best practices for mask-wearing and other preventive measures.
Keywords: double masking, COVID-19, mask efficacy