The Impact of Reinhard Heydrich's Survival on the Course of World War II

In May of 1942, the assassination attempt on Reinhard Heydrich in Prague was an event that reignited discussions about the potential consequences if it had failed. This analysis delves into the hypothetical impact of such an outcome, emphasizing Heydrich's role in the German war effort and the Holocaust.

Reinhard Heydrich: A Charismatic and Significant Figure

Heydrich was not an inconsequential figure under the Third Reich. He was instrumental in organizing and executing various roles, including overseeing the Reich’s security apparatus. Historians and theorists exploring the 'what-if' scenarios suggest that a surviving Heydrich could have prolonged the war and increased the suffering of occupied peoples.

Assassination and Prolongation of the War

The assassination of Heydrich was meant to deter future attacks and to maintain the morale of the resistance. However, a failed attempt could have led to increased retribution, which might have undermined the efforts of resistance groups aiding Allied forces in occupied territories.

The Man with the Iron Heart: Historical Fiction and Alternative History

The alternate history novel 'The Man With the Iron Heart' by Harry Turtledove imagines an alternate reality where Heydrich survives the assassination attempt and ultimately leads a Nazi resistance movement in occupied Europe post-1945. This scenario is thought-provoking and underscores the importance of Heydrich's survival in bolstering Nazi morale and prolonging resistance.

Heydrich's Influence and the Holocaust

Reinhard Heydrich's role in the Holocaust was crucial, but his contribution was not limited to planning. The Holocaust's elaborate and methodical extermination plans were already in place by the time of his death, with Ernst Kaltenbrunner inheriting and continuing Heydrich's governance effectively.

Arsenal of Command: Heydrich's Real Contributions

Despite common perceptions of Heydrich as a mere executioner, he played a significant role in coordinating the national security apparatus of the Third Reich. His actions, from suppressing the SA during the Night of the Long Knives to crushing Czech insurgency, reinforced the German war effort.

Contrary to popular belief, Heydrich was not just a desk warrior. He was a pilot with over 100 missions, showcasing his willingness to take direct risks and engage in combat. His final act, confronting his assassins despite severe injuries, further reinforces his resilient and combative nature.

Reevaluating the Impact of Heydrich's Assassination

The assassination of Heydrich undoubtedly disrupted the Nazi war effort in several ways. His absence from the top echelons of the Reich leadership paved the way for a lackluster continuation of his strategies. Had Heydrich survived, resistance movements in occupied France, Poland, and other regions could have been more effectively suppressed, leading to a prolonged war.

The Eve of Neutrality: Heydrich’s Legacy in Facing Resistance

By the time of his assassination, Heydrich was preparing to lead efforts against the French resistance, a task that would have further weakened the cohesion and effectiveness of resistance movements aiding the Allies. The untimely death of Kaltenbrunner, his successor, also contributed to a less robust continuation of his strategic directives.

Reinhard Heydrich’s survival would not have prolonged the war in a way that directly contributed to the ultimate downfall of the Third Reich. However, his strategic influence, particularly in suppressing resistance movements, would have caused additional suffering and disruption. The historical record indicates that the absence of such a powerful and resilient leader ultimately hindered the German war effort, leading to a shorter war and less suffering in the final stages.