Introduction
Cotton, a widely-used fabric in the textile industry, comes in various forms. Two of the most prominent types are pure cotton and artificial cotton. This article aims to elucidate the differences between these two types of cotton, providing valuable insights for consumers as well as textile manufacturers.
Pure Cotton Versus Artificial Cotton
Pure cotton, also known as natural cotton, is derived from the fibers of the cotton plant. These fibers are processed through a series of mechanical and physical methods to remove seeds and impurities, resulting in a soft, breathable fabric well-loved for its comfort and durability. Organic cotton further enhances the quality by ensuring the cultivation process is free from any use of synthetic pesticides and chemicals, promoting a more sustainable and eco-friendly option.
The Characteristics of Pure Cotton
Pure cotton not only guarantees the natural fibers derived from the cotton plant but also holds the following characteristics:
Breathability: Pure cotton allows air to flow through the fabric, making it ideal for hot and humid climates where it regulates the body's temperature.The Production Process of Pure Cotton
The production process of pure cotton starts with the cultivation of the cotton plant. The seeds are planted in soil that is free from synthetic chemicals, ensuring that the final product is a natural and sustainable choice. The cotton bolls are then harvested, processed, and cleaned to remove seeds and impurities. The fibers are then spun into yarn, which is woven or knitted into the final fabric. This entire process is meticulously designed to ensure that the fabric retains its natural properties.
Artificial Cotton: A Synthetic Alternative
Artificial cotton, on the other hand, is not derived from the cotton plant. Instead, it is a cellulose-based fiber that is chemically reconstituted from non-living raw materials. Unlike pure cotton, artificial cotton is not produced from natural seeds and its production process involves significant chemical interventions.
Components and Sources of Artificial Cotton
The common sources used to produce artificial cotton include:
Cotton Waste: Reclaimed scraps and unusable trimmings from the manufacturing process of pure cotton. Wood Bark: The outer layer of tree trunks can be chemically treated and processed to extract cellulose. Sugarcane Waste: The stalks and residues from sugarcane production, which can be converted into cellulose through a chemical process.The Production Process of Artificial Cotton
Artificial cotton fibers are typically made through a process called viscose production or rayon production. The steps involved are:
Cellulose Extraction: Raw materials like wood, cotton, or sugarcane are ground and treated with a mixture of dilute sulfuric acid and caustic soda to extract cellulose. Cellosolve Formation: The extracted cellulose is then dissolved in a solvent to form a liquor, which is known as cellosolve. Fiber Formation: The cellosolve solution is forced through fine spinnerets to form filaments, which are then washed and dried to create the artificial cotton fibers. Manufacturing: These fibers are woven or knitted into fabric, which can be used in various textile applications.Characteristics of Artificial Cotton
Artificial cotton, while technically a cotton-like fabric, possesses several distinct characteristics:
Breathability: Although more breathable than synthetic fabrics, artificial cotton can still feel less breathable compared to pure cotton, especially in humid conditions.Conclusion
The choice between pure cotton and artificial cotton depends on various factors such as environmental concerns, cost, and specific performance requirements of the fabric. Consumers and manufacturers should carefully evaluate these aspects to make an informed decision. Pure cotton remains a preferred choice for its natural properties and sustainability, while artificial cotton offers versatility and cost-effectiveness in specific applications.