Understanding the Differences Between Tank Shells and APC Rounds

Tank warfare involves a variety of ammunition types, each tailored to different combat scenarios. Understanding the distinctions between tank shells and APC rounds is crucial for tactical engagements. In this article, we will explore the differences, evolution, and current practices in utilizing these ammunition types.

The Size and Purpose of APC Rounds

APC (Armored Personnel Carrier) Rounds are significantly smaller in size compared to main battle tank shells. Due to their reduced size, APC rounds are primarily effective against other lightly armored vehicles or vehicles in close proximity. They excel in suppressing and eliminating lightly armored targets. However, their effectiveness diminishes when facing heavily armored vehicles like tanks.

The Evolution of Tank Shells

The term “tank shell” has historically referred to large, brass-cased projectiles, with propellant inside and the projectile at the front. This design, while effective, posed significant challenges for tank crews. The issues included:

Time-consuming Reloading: With the brass case, each time a shell was fired, it had to be manually fed out of a small hatch, increasing the time required for reloading. Storage Issues: Exposed propellant cases accumulated beneath the turret, presenting numerous challenges.

As military technology advanced, a new design emerged where the propellant was formed into a specific shape without the brass case. This allowed for a smaller, more efficient round, with the only part that could be ejected after firing being a small plate.

Modern Russian Approaches

A more innovative approach is employed by the Russian military, where the projectile and propellant are loaded separately. This separation provides flexibility in loading different sized propellant charges, enabling tank guns to be used as indirect artillery. The separate loading system exemplified by the Russian design follows this format:

Projectile Sized propellant charge

In this system, there is no brass casing to manage, making the process more foolproof and efficient. The absence of the brass case not only simplifies the loading and unloading process but also reduces storage and logistics issues.

Conclusion

The terminology and design of tank ammunition have evolved significantly over time, reflecting advancements in technology and tactical needs. While the term “tank shell” is increasingly being phased out due to outdated design, understanding these differences remains crucial for both historical and contemporary military studies and operations.

For further insights into modern military operations, continue to explore the latest developments in tank shell and APC round technologies.