Why Did Ancient Roman Toilets Have Large Openings in the Front?

Ancient Roman public toilets, known as latrines, featured large openings at the front for several practical reasons. This design not only served functional purposes but also embodied the social and communal aspects of Roman life.

Social Interaction

Roman public toilets were often communal spaces, allowing people to socialize while using the facilities. The large front openings facilitated this interaction, as users could sit side by side and exchange conversation.

Design Efficiency

The design of these toilets was efficient in terms of space. Large openings allowed for multiple users at once, maximizing the use of space and ensuring that more people could use the facilities simultaneously. This was particularly important in crowded urban areas where every space was valued.

Hygiene and Waste Management

The large openings played a vital role in hygiene and waste management. They helped with the flow of waste into the drainage systems below, promoting better hygiene by allowing waste to be quickly removed from the sitting area. Roman drainage systems were so well-built that some parts are still in use today.

Accessibility

The larger openings made it easier for people of different sizes and physical abilities to use the toilets comfortably. This design catered to a diverse population, ensuring everyone could access these facilities without difficulty.

A Side Note: Roman Sewage System

It is worth noting that the Roman sewage system was so well-built that parts of it are still in use today. This speaks to the advanced engineering and practicality of Roman infrastructure.

Romans and Hygiene

Romans did not have toilet paper, and instead, used a hygienic tool called the xylospongium or tersorium. This utensil, consisting of a wooden stick with a sea sponge at one end, was shared by people using public latrines.

The large opening in the front of Roman toilets was designed based on the logic needed to clean oneself with the tersorium while still sitting on the throne. This design took into consideration the practical need to facilitate personal hygiene without needing to stand.

Interestingly, the tersorium gave rise to the saying Never get hold of the wrong end of the stick, as it was an important tool used in public spaces and needed to be handled correctly to avoid embarrassment or inconvenience.

In terms of safety, the large opening in the front also ensured that mischief-makers could not sneak up on someone while they were using the toilet. If the opening had been in the back, it would have facilitated such pranks.

Conclusion

The design of Roman toilets reflects the practical and social needs of the time. They combined functionality with the communal aspects of Roman life, ensuring both hygiene and comfort for all users.